Ultra-WideBand (UWB) technology has an acknowledged importance in the field of localization, particularly for what concerns Global Navigation Satellite Systems denied zones, and space and extraterrestrial environments make no exception. This thesis presents the design and development of a UWB localization system setup for a mobile rover in a 22 x 26 m² open-air facility that mimics the Martian environment. The system is based on commercially available UWB modules and custom hardware, consisting of 12 antenna systems (anchors) placed at three different heights on the perimeter walls of the facility and a mobile tag on the robot. The ranging information is processed by a ROS2 node implemented on the rover, which employs Kalman filters to estimate the pose of the robot using the trilateration algorithm, based on the known absolute positions of the anchors.