The architectural heritage of the twentieth century, often overshadowed by ancient monuments, faces increasing threats on a global scale. These structures embody the political, social, and cultural transformations of the past century events of nations, yet their significance is frequently misunderstood or dismissed as being too contemporary to warrant preservation. In Egypt, the situation is particularly critical. The country’s modern architectural legacy emerged from a century marked by colonial influence, rapid modernization, shifting political systems, and evolving state-led urban policies. Despite multiple efforts to document this heritage and establish evaluation criteria, the survival of twentieth-century buildings remains precarious. Economic pressures, unregulated real-estate development, and administrative neglect continue to drive the demolition or deterioration of many significant sites.