The case of ACNA in Cengio has become an historic case regarding the detrimental consequences and negative impact on ecosystems that arise when industrial activities proceed without environmental compatibility standards, without proper regulations, controls, and management by the government and competent authorities. The purpose of this thesis will be to describe the events that led to one of Italy's most significant environmental disasters, as well as analyse the components characterizing the impacts of ACNA industrial activities and pollution on the ecosystem, soil, the Bormida River, and the health of the residents in the surrounding areas of Cengio and Saliceto. Additionally, the Remediation Technologies will be presented and discussed, using the example of the remediation and environmental restoration carried out by ENIRewind in the Site of National Interest (SIN) of Cengio and Saliceto.