Concrete is currently the most widely used construction material worldwide, proving fundamental to the development of modern infrastructure while simultaneously entailing a significant environmental impact that demands immediate mitigation. The adoption of eco-sustainable materials cannot be limited to the examination of environmental parameters alone, such as energy consumption, depletion of non-renewable natural resources, and greenhouse gas emissions, but must equally account for the performance characteristics and durability of composite materials intended for structural applications. The subject calls for a multidisciplinary approach encompassing novel solutions in cement and aggregate production, the optimisation of manufacturing processes, and the improved management of waste materials that can be valorised as sustainable resources.