The progressive liberalization process of the Italian electricity market, initiated in the 1990s and culminating in the complete opening of the retail market, has profoundly transformed the purchasing mechanisms of energy by end consumers. Within this context, the thesis systematically analyzes the evolution of the competitive structure of the Italian electricity market, focusing in particular on the switching dynamics of residential customers and on the strategies adopted by the main operators, including online comparison platforms. After reviewing the main regulatory milestones of liberalization and describing the structural and behavioral characteristics of energy markets, the work concentrates on the role of comparison platforms as tools to reduce information asymmetries, assessing their potential impact on consumer mobility.