The space sector is undergoing a significant growth and evolution, going from a field dominated by governments and focused on exploration and scientific development to a global economy in which private actors and international cooperation thrive. This exponential growth has brought awareness on the sustainability of space activities. This thesis explores the structure, trends, and challenges of the space economy, the role of sustainability in the space sector and the use of Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) to evaluate the environmental impacts associated to all the stages of a product, service or process life cycle. The objective of the thesis is the preparation of the documentation needed to conduct a Life-Cycle Assessment, in order to evaluate the sustainability of a project.