The increasing generation of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) and the need for sustainable management strategies present a critical environmental challenge. Among the residues from MSW incineration, bottom ash (BA) is the largest solid output by mass and poses long-term risks due to heavy metals and other pollutants. Conventional disposal methods like landfilling or low-grade reuse fail to address the environmental burden or resource potential of BA. In this context, thermal valorisation into high-value construction materials such as foam glass-ceramics has emerged as a promising solution. This thesis aims to assess and compare the environmental performance of different BA conversion pathways through a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach, following ISO 14040–44:2006 standards.