Martina Campagna
Structural Analysis of Low-Density Lipoprotein Interactions with Proteins and Corona Formation.
Rel. Laura Fabris, Francesco Stellacci. Politecnico di Torino, Corso di laurea magistrale in Ingegneria Biomedica, 2025
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Abstract
Lipoproteins are naturally occurring biological nanoparticles circulating in our bloodstream. Researchers have paid great attention to their function in cholesterol transport and to their relationship with various diseases like cardiovascular disease and metabolic disorder. Their characteristics as nanoparticles have long been ignored. In a biological environment, lipoproteins may also bind with various proteins, and form hard and/or a soft corona on their surface, similar to other nanoparticles. In this thesis, low-density lipoproteins (LDL) are isolated using density gradient ultracentrifugation (DGUC), followed by fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) purification to minimize the presence of pre-existing protein corona. The purified LDL are characterized through dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) before being incubated with human serum albumin (HSA), immunoglobulin G (IgG), and apo-transferrin to form a protein corona.
These proteins were selected based on their varying abundance in plasma and their differing affinities for nanoparticle surfaces
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