Bioelectronic devices interact with cells and tissues, sense electrical activity and modulate cellular behavior through electrical fields. Typically, in vitro devices are based on flat, rigid metal electrodes that are designed for 2D cell models. 3D electrodes, providing physical and biological stimuli, enhance cell-chip coupling creating a more bio-mimetic environment. Topography, and aspect ratio of nano and micro structured surfaces can modulate the interaction with cell membrane affecting also intracellular signaling. Substrate mimicking mechanical properties of the native extracellular matrix (ECM) enhances cell interaction. Natural and synthetic materials such as gelatin and polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) can be used to obtain 3D patterned structures at microscale.