Climate change is now a visible and growing issue that has both short-term and long-term impacts. Increasingly frequent and extreme natural disasters are evidence of ongoing global warming, such as rising sea levels threatening coastal communities or extreme temperatures leading to loss of biodiversity and drought problems. Different scientific studies, as the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), show that the main cause is the increased concentration of greenhouse gases from anthropogenic activities in the atmosphere. Energy policies play a key role in counteracting climate change by finding new, innovative, and effective mitigation and adaptation solutions at different levels: from the international level, where global guidelines are defined, to the national and local levels, where concrete and targeted actions can be implemented.