Global warming has forced humanity to find sustainable energy resources for the transport sector, which ranks as the second most polluting emitter accounting for more of 25% of total greenhouse gases emissions. In response to this challenge, the European Union (EU) has taken proactive measures by setting ambitious targets aimed at transitioning away from fossil fuels towards electric mobility and the adoption of low-carbon fuels. These ones include biofuels derived from biomass feedstock, with a preference for utilizing waste materials as a sustainable source. One of the most promising technologies for biofuel production is hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL). HTL is a thermochemical process that involves biomass and water at high temperatures and pressures, operating close to the critical point of water for sufficient time, mimicking the natural fossil fuel formation.