Environmental pollution by microplastics is now recognized as an issue with strong possible impact on ecology, society, and economy. Black microplastics (BMPs) have attracted attention due to their prolonged existence and potential for toxicity. This thesis investigates the utilization of hyperspectral imaging (HSI) techniques for detecting and characterizing black microplastics (BMPs) in water samples directly. The thesis begins by introducing the issue of microplastic pollution, emphasizing the importance of distinguishing BMPs from natural particles. Hyperspectral imaging, known for its ability to capture both spatial and spectral information, is proposed as a promising approach to address this challenge. A comprehensive overview of hyperspectral imaging techniques, including point scanning, line scanning, and focal plane array (FPA) scanning, is presented.