This thesis work is placed in the context of deep space communications, which consist in the transfer of scientific and operational data between ground stations and satellites at considerable distances from the Earth. For this purpose, Argotec has developed the ERMES transponder, based on a Software-Defined Radio (SDR) architecture. The thesis focuses on analyzing and optimizing the design and implementation process of digital signal processing (DSP) algorithms, commonly present inside such devices. The main goal is to establish a standardized methodology for the implementation of SDR components, covering the entire process from design to hardware realization. This is achieved by analyzing and verifying the proposed methodology through the design and implementation of one block of the DSP chain: the phase and frequency estimator.