In the last years, the idea of a return on the Moon has become more and more popular all over the world, in a special way for NASA’s dedication, which led to the definition of the Artemis program. The Moon can potentially offer, looking at the long term, various resources for future missions or even for the Earth, as well as a unique environment to conduct scientific experiments. ESA and NASA are currently maintaining a dialogue, which emphasizes the Gateway station, while on the 29th October 2020 ASI and NASA signed an agreement which sets the bases for a long-life bilateral cooperation in the above-mentioned Artemis program, particularly for activities on the lunar surface.