Women in Nepal, especially in rural areas, are subjected every day to strenuous activities for household maintenance and children care, such as water fetching. The aim of this project was to find relevant risk factors (both water carrying-related and not) over the health of a statistically significant women sample. The project focused on the relationship between the risk factors and certain health outcomes, chosen on the basis of their medical and social relevance: pain at the ankles, head, neck, back, and uterine prolapse (UP). Once the water carrying related risk factors were identified, a strategy for the design of improved Water Supply System (WSS) in one hamlet of Bolde district was investigated.