The alveolar-capillary barrier is the place where gas exchanges take place in the lungs and consists of a layer of alveolar epithelium and capillary endothelium, separated by an interstitial space and a basement membrane. The basement membrane provides elastic support to the barrier during respiratory movements, through the combined action of collagen fibres, proteoglycans and other extracellular matrix proteins (ECM). Tissue Engineering (TE) is a multidisciplinary field that include the knowledge of different disciplines with the aim to repair, regenerate or replace damaged organs or tissues by the development of biological substitutes (scaffold). The scaffold, a three-dimensional porous template, acts as a temporary extracellular matrix allowing cell adhesion, proliferation and growth.