The massive digitization of services and the widespread use of electronic devices pose important problems in terms of privacy and data security, leading to significant investments by governments, companies, and organizations in cybersecurity solutions. Cybersecurity is a complex topic covering many issues; one of the most addressed of these is cryptography. The purpose of cryptography is to transform data into a form that is not intelligible by anyone except those who know a special value called “key”, whose role is like that of the key of a padlock which closes a box. The process of closing the box with the padlock is called encryption, while the reverse action is called decryption; the internal mechanism of the padlock is called algorithm.