In recent decades, the research community and private companies are diverted to the nanocomposite materials, for their wide range of applicability and their exceptional mechanical, thermal and electrical properties, making them the best candidates for new innovative applications in automotive, aeronautical and energy industry. This work has been performed within the context of the European project SmartFan whose purpose is to study, develop and propose smart materials with multifunctionality for various applications. In this project the modelling and experimental activities at the lower scales of the nanocomposites have carried out in collaboration between FORTH (ICE-HT), Patras Greece and Politecnico di Torino.