Electrodes are the first crucial elements of a wearable recording device for human biopotentials. Their research and development require reliable testing methods and characterisation processes. The purpose of this master thesis is the development of an in vitro skin model in order to have a relevant impedance and noise characterisation process before the electrodes are tested on human subjects. To reach this goal, biological and non-biological models have been investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and noise measurements. After obtaining a skin model with an impedance close to the human skin and having checked its repeatability and reproducibility, the model was validated by characterising different electrodes already tested on human subjects.