Machine learning is one of the hottest topics of the last years in the computer industry. The growing interest on methods for processing large amount of heterogeneous data and new cognitive systems is creating new challenges and opportunities. In the ICT domain, a major effort is spent on improving and applying machine learning, deep learning and in general artificial intelligence techniques. Applications can be seen in various fields, from civil to military, through industrial. This work of thesis is focused precisely on this last area of application and precisely on the image recognition problem, which is addressed using deep learning (DL) models based on a state-of-the-art Convolutional Neural Network.