Roving hammer EMA on electric powertrain for FE model validation The dynamic behaviour of electric powertrains is a critical aspect of modern electric-vehicle development, especially from the perspective of Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH). Compared with conventional internal-combustion powertrains, electric powertrains are characterized by different excitation mechanisms, reduced masking noise, and higher sensitivity of the vehicle occupants to tonal and structural vibration phenomena. For this reason, reliable numerical models are required to predict the modal behaviour of the assembly and to support design decisions during the development process. However, a numerical model can only be considered predictive if its modal properties are validated against experimental evidence.