Leonardo Musca
Andreev reflection in spin-orbit nanowires proximized by superconductors.
Rel. Fabrizio Dolcini. Politecnico di Torino, Corso di laurea magistrale in Physics Of Complex Systems (Fisica Dei Sistemi Complessi), 2025
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Abstract
Superconductivity is one of the most important macroscopic quantum coherent phenomena in physics, where at sufficiently low temperature electrons form Cooper pairs sharing the same phase. When an interface is realized between a superconductor (S) and a normal (N) material, a phenomenon called Andreev reflection occurs: an electron impinging from the normal side towards the interface cannot penetrate the superconductor as a single quasiparticle and is back-reflected as a hole. Recently, one of the most interesting and studied setups involving a normal and a superconducting material is the case of semiconductor nanowires with spin-orbit coupling (SOC), where a nanowire portion, covered by a superconducting film, acquires a superconducting pairing by proximity effect.
Nanowires characterized by strong SOC, such as InAs and InSb, exhibit ballistic transport and a wide tunability of the SOC, and have been predicted to host Majorana quasiparticles that are robust to decoherence, with potential applications in quantum technology
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