In the context of the rapidly evolving New Space economy, this thesis was developed in collaboration with Kurs Orbital, a startup whose mission is to develop a modular, plug-and-play payload for servicing satellites through proximity operations and autonomous capture. The payload, known as ARCap, integrates robotic manipulators and a suite of relative navigation sensors, including vision-based and radar technologies, relying heavily on commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) and automotive-grade components. This approach promises faster development cycles and cost-efficiency, drastically reduces cost and development time, but introduces critical vulnerabilities with respect to radiation. The goal of this work is to define and consolidate a structured, end-to-end framework for Radiation Hardness Assurance (RHA) specifically tailored to COTS-based architectures.