This thesis begins by tracing the history and evolution of autonomous driving technologies, highlighting key advancements and current trends. It delves into the integration of autonomous systems with electric vehicles (EVs), examining the challenges and benefits of this convergence. A detailed analysis of global regulatory frameworks governing autonomous vehicle deployment is provided, emphasizing how these regulations must adapt to rapidly advancing technologies. In Chapter 5, a Failure Modes Effects and Criticality Analysis (FMECA) addresses the reliability of core autonomous system components, such as sensors, actuators, and software. This analysis identifies potential failure modes and mitigates risks to ensure the safe development of autonomous driving technologies.