Agnese Cimaroli
Climate Change and Nipah virus: exploring the links between climate variability, extremes, and zoonotic spillover in Bangladesh.
Rel. Jost-Diedrich Graf Von Hardenberg, Marino Gatto, Isabella Cattadori. Politecnico di Torino, Corso di laurea magistrale in Ingegneria Per L'Ambiente E Il Territorio, 2024
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Abstract
Zoonotic infectious diseases, transmitted from wild or domestic animals into humans, represent a major threat for public health as they can cause serious disease outbreaks and potentially escalate into pandemics, as recently observed for SARS-2-Covid-19. Climate change and anthropogenic ecosystem alterations are amplifying this risk by reshaping interactions between wildlife, pathogens, and human populations. Consequently, “jump-zones”-regions where zoonotic spillovers are increasingly likely-are fast expanding, particularly at tropics. Among bat-borne zoonoses, Nipah virus (NiV) is recognized by the World Health Organization as one of the top 10 priority diseases, causing near-annual outbreaks in Bangladesh, a region highly vulnerable to climate change impacts.
Despite the critical role bats play in pathogen transmission, their responses to climatic factors remains largely underexplored, highlighting the urgent need for focused research, also in view of the current climate change
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