This thesis provides a comprehensive examination of the Altman Z Score model, a seminal tool developed by Edward I. Altman in 1968 for evaluating the financial health and insolvency risk of companies. Renowned for its simplicity and practicality, the Altman Z Score model has become a staple in financial analysis, requiring minimal input data and resources for effective implementation. Altman's dedication to usability has spurred the development of various iterations of the model, tailored to diverse industries and economic environments while preserving its fundamental principles. The research, after an introduction about the concept of crisis and the main historical crisis that affected the world, delves into the origins of the model, tracing its conceptual foundations and evolution through subsequent versions.