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Design of a true random number generator for post-quantum cryptography.
Rel. Guido Masera, Maurizio Martina, Alessandra Dolmeta. Politecnico di Torino, Corso di laurea magistrale in Ingegneria Elettronica (Electronic Engineering), 2024
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Abstract
The protection of sensitive data is a paramount concern in a wide variety of fields, making the use of cryptography crucial to ensure confidentiality and information security. This is all the more needed after the advent of quantum computers. Their much higher computational strength with respect to the classical ones allows them to break many of the regularly used public-key protocols. Post-quantum cryptography (PQC) researches have been investigating robust algorithms that even quantum computer attacks cannot undermine. The starting point of any cryptographic algorithm is an encryption key generation. A weak random key would allow the attacker to easily decrypt data, exposing the entire cryptosystem to high vulnerability, consequently devaluing the complexity of the PQC algorythm.
While pseudo random number generators (PRNGs) are based on deterministic algorithms, hence producing keys that can be predicted once known the algorithm and the initial state, true random number generators (TRNGs) exploit the inherent randomness of physical phenomena (thermal noise, power supply fluctuations, temperature variations etc.) to generate true random samples that fulfill the requirements needed by a robust key
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