In this Thesis we propose an AI-based method to identify vertebrae within the lumbar region from ultrasound images, a fundamental step towards the diagno- sis of Osteoporosis. The measure of Bone Mineral Density (BMD) is an important operational index for the assessment of bone health status and osteoporosis in adults, which, within the innovative Radiofrequency Echographic Multi Spectrometry (REMS) diagnostic pipeline, is computed from the raw signals coming from the lumbar vertebrae. It is hence important to correctly identify the vertebrae with a segmentation step, which is currently based on traditional image segmentation methods, such as clustering and thresholding. Although these methods are robust, they have the characteristic of being highly dependent on the developer’s experience and skills in encoding expert knowledge into the segmentation algorithm.