Studying bacteria and viruses is crucial for improving cures and preventing large-scale epidemics or pandemics. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) refers to the ability of microorganisms to withstand the effects of antimicrobial treatments and poses a significant public health threat, so understanding its prevalence, mechanisms, and spread is a global priority. Research in this sector brought significant advancements in technology, which have resulted in remarkable cost reduction and accelerated processing speeds. Despite these improvements, the acquisition of such technologies can still pose a considerable financial burden in low-resource settings. There remains ample room for further enhancements, particularly through the integration of machine learning and computational intelligence strategies to automate processes.