This thesis aims to discuss and compare the methodologies of Project Rating and Monte Carlo method exposing the respective purposes, procedures and applications that these have respectively in Risk Management and Project Management. Specifically, in addition to have been compared the technical and procedural aspects, have been also compared the different cultural aspects imposed by the approaches of reference. Once the two methodologies were presented, the work was also directed to the evaluation of the technical and economic aspects that the state of emergency resulting from the covid-19 pandemic still poses as a topic of debate, and then the opportunities and issues emerging as a result of the allocation of the National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP or Recovery Fund) were subsequently discussed.