Urban villages: A morphological narration of the rural-urban negotiation in the city of Guangzhou

Ioannis Diaskoufis

Urban villages: A morphological narration of the rural-urban negotiation in the city of Guangzhou.

Rel. Francesca Governa, Francesca Frassoldati. Politecnico di Torino, Corso di laurea magistrale in Architettura Costruzione Città, 2017

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Abstract:	Un fenomeno ampiamente discusso negli ultimi anni, il villaggio urbano Cinese, localizzato principalmente nella Cina costiera, costituisce una configurazione sociospaziale unica che si materializza nel conflitto tra le pratiche di urbanizzazione e forme di sviluppo attuali, sullo sfondo di dinamiche istituzionali languenti in Cina. Nella modernizzazione cinese, caratterizzata all'espansione radicale delle città guidata dalla volontà dello stato verso la sua integrazione con il mercato globale, il termine villaggio urbano si riferisce ad una forma di sviluppo urbano peculiare nel quale i villaggi rurali vengono inglobati dall'espansione delle città. L'identità rurale dei villaggi come istituzioni collettive nella struttura amministrativa duale della Cina, ha permesso di sviluppare un certo grado di inerzia contro i processi di sviluppo, garantendo ad alcuni la sopravivenza, i quali, adesso considerati come villaggi urbani, coesistono insieme alle altre forme di sviluppo urbano, costituendo nuove realtà socio-spaziali della megalopoli cinese. In qualità di istituzioni distinte, essi non vengono mai completamente incorporati alla struttura urbana della città ospitante e il rapporto con l'ambiente urbano circostante non risulta mai armonioso, generando una condizione di esistenza isolata rispetto agli altri spazi urbani. I villaggi urbani sono anche noti come enclave per i migranti a causa del loro carattere informale che concede la presenza di terreni fertili da cui i lavoratori-migranti rurali possano ottenere il proprio sostentamento, costituendo inoltre la loro unica scelta per un alloggio accessibile in città. Sotto la continua minaccia per la demolizione e la riqualificazione, è ampiamente considerato che lo sviluppo senza precedenti delle città cinesi sarebbe stato impossibile se non per i villaggi urbani. La loro denominazione, auto - contraddittoria nel modo di vedere la città come opposto al rurale (Wachsmuth, 2013), non è in grado di chiarire se questa forma di sviluppo peculiare appartenga al regno dell'urbano o a quello rurale, piuttosto questa geografia potrebbe meglio essere posizionata nella loro interfaccia e potrebbe essere meglio intesa come l'espressione fisica della complessa ibridazione tra funzioni rurali ed urbane (McGee,1991 citato in Roy, 2005). Nello studio dei villaggi urbani, l'interfaccia tra l'urbano e il rurale viene dislocata, perdendo la sua individuazione geografica nello spazio (Roy, 2005), essa può adesso essere rintracciata nella struttura spaziale interna della città. In effetti, i villaggi urbani della Cina del sud sono uniformemente distribuiti lungo tutta la megalopoli cinese, al suo interno o lungo i confini, facendola apparire come un collage di frammenti e forme diverse (Secchi, 2000). Questa frammentazione viene inoltre enfatizzata dal carattere amministrativo particolare di ognuna di queste geografie, come istituzioni che esistono al di là del potere legislativo dello stato cinese. Questa tesi discute le complesse interazioni stabilite tra i villaggi urbani di Guangzhou e il loro ambiente urbano ospitante attraverso la narrazione morfologica della geografia del villaggio urbano e lo studio del suo adattamento formale alla sua realtà circostante attuale. Ritengo i villaggi urbani come luoghi significativi per la ricerca grazie alla loro configurazione come forme di organizzazione socio-spaziale autonoma, offrendo agli abitanti della stessa la possibilità di articolare in modo libero le loro strategie che possano assicurare la sopravvivenza del villaggio e, possibilmente, anche la sua futura prosperità. Come una geografia amministrativa di tipo grassroot, mi aspetto che la morfologia del villaggio urbano possa presentare un certo grado di flessibilità e adattabilità, in netto contrasto con le nuove realtà urbane della città cinese, formate sotto il rigido controllo regolamentare dello stato cinese. Per ulteriori informazioni contattare: Ioannis Diaskoufis, john.diaskoufis@gmail.com / s217668@studenti.polito.it Abstract in italiano (PDF, 127kB - Creative Commons Attribution) Abstract in inglese (PDF, 127kB - Creative Commons Attribution)
Relatori:	Francesca Governa, Francesca Frassoldati
Tipo di pubblicazione:	A stampa
Soggetti:	U Urbanistica > UG Pianificazione del paesaggio
Corso di laurea:	Corso di laurea magistrale in Architettura Costruzione Città
Classe di laurea:	Nuovo ordinamento > Laurea magistrale > LM-04 - ARCHITETTURA E INGEGNERIA EDILE-ARCHITETTURA
Aziende collaboratrici:	NON SPECIFICATO
URI:	http://webthesis.biblio.polito.it/id/eprint/6062
Capitoli:	Introduction 1 Urban villages 1.1 Definitions of urban village 1.2 Transforming into an urban village 1.3 Morphology of the urban village 1.4 Contribution of urban villages 2 Guangzhou and the PRD 2.1 The Gateway into China's modernism 2.2 The place to become 2.3 The process of uprooting 3 The journey of three farmers 3.1 Recent approaches 3.2 Methodology 3.3 A farmer in the downtown 3.4 A farmer in the academies 3.5 A farmer in the industries Conclusions Bibliography
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