Data analysis and model development for a photonic interrogation platform for cancer chemotherapy optimization using power spectrum analysis of sub-cellular dynamics

The aim of this project is to propose a possible new platform for cancer therapy optimization based on Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), a non-invasive, low-intensity photonic interrogation technique. Firstly, the system is used to investigate properties of different cell lines without administering drugs to see differences in cell lines and cell states as a proof of their sensitivity with respect to cellular dynamics. Afterwards, DLS is used to investigate cancer cells under an incrementally-increased dose delivery of a therapeutic agent in order to precisely determine its apoptosis-inducing concentration. The platform takes advantage of nano-scale technology and DLS in order to measure the cell dynamics in real time as function of drug dose, ranging from pM to mM, and to obtain the dose-response profile. This allows to better understand the drug efficacy, its side effects and the subcellular dynamics, possibly helping the development of more patient specific therapies because both dose determination and drug administration scheduling can be optimized with this methodology. Data are taken from experiments performed at CREOL labs of University of Central Florida (UCF) and analyzed using power spectra estimations and micro rheology theory, which provide information on the local cellular properties and internal dynamics. The analysis of the internal dynamics changes induced by drugs, taking into account their known effects on cellular components, is also carried out because these changes are hypothesized to be a measure of the drug’s efficacy. After an introduction focused on this project significance, tumor and cancer characteristics and a microtubules overview, this report will describe the experiments performed and the theoretical basis for the data analysis. Experimental results are then presented and conclusions will be drawn. Finally, two appendices on microtubules polymerization and the ordered water system around them are included to give insights into environmental effects on cellular dynamics.