Ultralow area and power self-localization in sensor motes

The self-localization problem is becoming every day much more important especially with autonomous cars/robots. Since these devices has to work without any supervision, they need to know constantly which is their position inside the space where they are moving. This problem can be solved in many different ways and using many technologies. However there is not a better method: the quality of the solution is related mainly to the application where it is adopted. This thesis proposes a new approach to this problem and design a circuit in order to accomplish the task. On the contrary of the standard solution adopted in literature, the design of the circuit has been done using an analog electronics rather than digital one. This allows to keep the structure as small, giving the opportunity to produce a final device that can be used in many different applications (from robotics to medicine). The analog approach guarantees also a low power consumption, particular important where the device has not a big battery. After the theory and the circuit, it is proposed the design of the main components (OTA and OpAmp) needed to implement the circuit. In particular the OTA has to exploit all the input available and the output curve has to be as linear as possible in order to fit inside the design. Then both the OTA and the OpAmp have been implemented and simulated. At the end, it is shown an example of the results expected by the theory and the one derived from the simulation.