In modern industry, automated technologies are particularly useful in simplifying several applications. This benefit is emphasized for performing dangerous and difficult-to-handle operations. Especially, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are developed for operations without a pilot on board and can be used in contexts where human intervention is not directly possible. These types of vehicles have several features including safety, rapid data extraction, and accessibility to remote locations. These also enable new application opportunities in both indoor and outdoor environments (such as emergency situations following a catastrophic event, search and rescue missions, or even aerospace applications). All these case studies share the requirement of using fully autonomous aerial vehicles in such a way as to, partially or totally, eliminate human intervention.