The Location-Routing Problem of Electric Vehicles in City Logistics

Recent years, with the rapid development of transportation and the increasing number of vehicles, motor vehicles have become an important source of urban environmental pollution and traffic congestion problems. Currently, 25% of CO2 come from transportation industry (Dablanc,2011). In response of side effects of the transportation sector on energy and the environment, many countries have adopted the development of new energy vehicles as a national strategy. As a representative of new energy vehicles, electric vehicles (EVs) with zero pollution and low energy consumption have been rapidly developed, it is also imperative to popularize EVs in the logistic sector, benefits from reducing harmful gas emissions and logistics costs. Compared with the traditional fuel vehicles, the EVs distribution faces some difficulties such as battery capacity limitations, long charging time and few charging facilities. At present, the difficulty of charging seriously restricts the marketing promotion of EVs. Consummating the deployment of charging facilities are an important guarantee for the extensive use of EVs. The rational layout of charging stations is particularly important. The traditional vehicle routing problem cannot be directly applied to the EVs distribution system. The charging station location problem and the routing problem of EVs are interdependent. This thesis mainly discusses: ⚫ The problem of using EVs in logistics industry, especially in urban last mile delivery. ⚫ Based on Genetic algorithm, design a model for solving optimization problems for both Charging Station Location Allocation Problem (CS-LAP) and for Electric Vehicle Routing Problem (E-VRP). ⚫ Analyze some examples of scenario, compare the logistics costs between traditional vehicles and EVs.