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Assessment of the Indoor Environmental Quality in a typical K-12 school in the Lisbon area

Luigi Tedesco

Assessment of the Indoor Environmental Quality in a typical K-12 school in the Lisbon area.

Rel. Paolo Maria Tronville. Politecnico di Torino, Corso di laurea magistrale in Ingegneria Meccanica, 2020

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Abstract:

Public buildings represent an important opportunity to depict suitably how energy efficiency may impact on the two most crucial aspects: management costs and thermal comfort. In this regard, many of the secondary schools in Portugal are facing the structural decay of their facilities. Among all, EB23 Escola Conde de Oeiras, built in 1982 in Lisbon district, must enhance its current energy performance in order to guarantee acceptable environmental conditions to students and employees. To accomplish that, it needs to define a number of measures that could provide immediate and permanent effects. With this premises, the present study aims to identify a systematic approach to assess indoor environmental quality related to the implementation of adequate energy efficiency measures for Escola Conde de Oeiras. To pursue this purpose, it was carried out the detailed study of its principal facilities in three main phases, namely: creation of the geometrical model with Google SketchUp and OpenStudio, dynamical thermal simulation of buildings with Energy+, results analysis and discussion. Outcomes proved that thermal discomfort is mainly induced by excess of solar gains and poor insulation degree caused by glass surfaces. As a consequence, it is shown that all the thermal zones do not comply with comfortable acceptability limits provided by ISO 16798 standards. Therefore, once assessed the performance of three new types of double-glazing systems, it is identified as the best option the installation of selective low emissivity glass with a thermal break aluminium frame. Indeed, with this new type of fenestration it is estimated an average of 30% less time of discomfort in four of the six buildings examined. In addition to this first measure, it was study, for various thicknesses of expanded polystyrene (EPS), whether the realisation of thermal coat could provide benefits or not. What emerged was that only for one type of building, namely pavilion with classrooms, it is advantageous to install 12cm of EPS insulating layer. Successively, the study examines how the measures above could affect other aspect of environment quality, specifically: indoor air quality, visual and acoustic comfort. It is first evaluated the design of a mechanical ventilation systems that has to meet an increased need of air changes caused by the sealing effect of the new windows. Then, it is analysed the glass trade-off between natural daylight requirements and solar gains reduction. Subsequently, acoustic insulation standards provided by ISO 12354 are discussed. Finally, it is proposed the project evaluation of the investments alternatives available for the school.

Relatori: Paolo Maria Tronville
Anno accademico: 2019/20
Tipo di pubblicazione: Elettronica
Numero di pagine: 113
Soggetti:
Corso di laurea: Corso di laurea magistrale in Ingegneria Meccanica
Classe di laurea: Nuovo ordinamento > Laurea magistrale > LM-33 - INGEGNERIA MECCANICA
Ente in cotutela: UNIVERSIDADE DE LISBOA - ISTITUTO SUPERIOR TECNICO (PORTOGALLO)
Aziende collaboratrici: Instituto Superior Tecnico
URI: http://webthesis.biblio.polito.it/id/eprint/14320
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