After the independence of Beirut from the French mandate the city had reached a successfully urban design model who was ready to be improved with the new politics; In the early 60s Beirut was on top in terms of tourism, economics, and political liberalism, it was the golden age of architecture and urbanism of the city; the city center was full of souks of all types, fabrics, carpets, manufacturing, apparel, food, shoes, jewelry and more from the local industry; it was also growing with the construction of banks, clinics, hotels, cinemas and nightclubs. Between 1975 and 1991 civil war happened, and all social, economic, administrative and political structure were destroyed; in the precedent years the city had reached a huge development and between these years it stopped completely.