Khalil Galai
Stitching up "El K'siba".
Rel. Marco Trisciuoglio. Politecnico di Torino, Master of science program in Architecture Construction City, 2017
Abstract
Jean Hersent (1862-1940), engineer of arts and French factories, was working within the public works company of his family. The latter was in charge of the construction of a new port in Bizerte at the end of the XIX century, because Bizerte “Banzart”, city of the extreme north of Tunisia had become one of the most important North African cities during the French colonization. Indeed, opening on the strait of Sicily, it enjoys a strategic position, which the French had exploited since the beginning of the protectorate (1881- 1956) by opening a canal that connects the sea with the lake, where they built a new commercial harbour and a military arsenal.
Along the canal, a new city is born
The colonial city turns the back on a 3000-year-old city. A city in miscellaneous stratifications who develops, also, along a port. The old harbour, a small fishing port that pene¬trates into the old town and divides it, having the Byzantine fort “the Kasbah” on its north side and a small fortification in the South, “the Ksiba”. Both fortifications, the houses, the small boats of the fishermen, coloured and accosted in the quay, offer to the port a picturesque aspect. Which explains the interest and the importance that gives Bizertin People to this privileged space.
However, a project of a big tourist port “Marina Cap 3000” along the Est-coast throws these last years. The project in-cludes quays for mega-yacht, a commercial part and ends with the arrangement of a residential tower in the entrance of the old harbour. It was the reason of conflict between the inhabitants of the Ksiba and the projects entrepreneurs and even brought into conflict the political parties of the region. With this last point, I would have evoked the three protagonists of the Bizertes urban landscape. Indeed, the centre of Bizerte is constituted by an old town “the Medina”, a colonial city and by contemporary architecture “Marina Cap 300”. My thesis articulates around two important chapters. At first, I will analyse the evolution of the urban form of the city since its origin. I will focus on the Medina (precolonial city) and on the colonial city demonstrating their specificities and highlighting the conflicts generated by their oppositions. This first part ends with the post-colonial city where I will quote the episode of Marina Cape 3000, project which was very much talked about and on which the notices are debated in Bizerte. Secondly, I will propose an experimental project, which represents an intervation on the heart of the fabric tissue of the old district the Ksiba.
Relators
Publication type
Subjects
Course of studies
Chapters
The city
Precolonial city
1. Hippo Acra
2. Hippo Diaritus/Zaritus
3. Under the byantines
4. Banzart
5. The modern periode
6. On the eve of the protectorate
6.1. Decomposition
6.2. Are we talking about a Medina
II. Colonial city
1. The new town
1.1. The Ceration of a new port
1.2. The European city
2. Bizerte, a dual city
2.1. Colonial city’s plans
2.2. The adaptation of the Bizerte’s Medina
3. Arabisnace
3.1. The colonial architecture
3.2. Rationalisme and Tradition
III. Postcolonial city
1. From a medina to an old district
2. Bizrta Cap 3000
2.1. The project
2.2. The conflicts
2.3. New form of tourism in Tunisia
The project
1. Introduction
2. The District
3. The Widespread Hotel
4. Conclusion
Bibliography
BOOKS
Hersent Jean, Rapport présenté au nom du comité des constructions et beaux-arts par M. Voisin Bey au sujet du mémoire de M. Jean Hersent sur les travaux du port de Bizerte et de l’arsenal de Sidi-Abdallah, Paris, impr.ETlibr. Centrales des Chemins de fer, 1912.
Ibn Hawkal, Surat al ardh (The configuration of the earth), X century.
Fernand Braudel, Il mediterraneo: lo spazio e la storia, gli uomini e la tradizione; con la collaborazione di George Dudy, Milano, Bompiani copyr., 1987.
AFRICAIN (Léon l’), Description de l’Afrique, Nouvelle Ed. Traduite de l’italien par A. Epaulard, Paris 1981.
N. Dougui, H. Bouaita, A. Braham, M. BenJalloul, Bizerte Identité et Mémoire, Bizerte, L’univers Du Livre, 2005.
E. Pellissier, Description de la régence de Tunis, Paris, 1840.
Gramaye, Africaeillustrataelibridecem, in quibusBarbaria, gentesqueeius ut olim et nunc describuntur, Tournai, 1622.
R.Berardi, Saggi su città arabe del mediterraneo sud orientale, Firenze, Alinea, 2005.
A.Petruccioli, After Amnesia. Learningfrom the Islamic Mediterranean Urban Fabric, Bari, ICAR, 2007.
J. AbdelKafi, La Medina de Tunis: Espace Historique, Tunis, Presses de CNRS, 1989.
F. Béguin, Arabisences décor architecural et tracé urbain en Afrique du Nord 1830-1950, Paris, Dunod, 1983.
Lyautey, Paroles d’Action: Madagascar, sud Oranais, Oran, Maroc 1900 - 1926, Paris, Colin, 1927.
M. Breitman, Rationalisme et Tradition. Le cas de Marmey, Paris, Mardaga, 1986.
PUBLICATIONS
L'Architecture d’aujourd’hui n.20, “Special Tunisie”, 1948
L'Architecture d’aujourd’hui, n. 60, 1955.
L'Architecture d’aujourd’hui, no. 153 (1970-1971)
P. George, La ville; le fait urbain à travers le monde, L’information géographique, n. 1, vol. 17, 1953.
A. Pignel, cited by R. Lespès, Alger, Etude de géographie et d'histoire urbaine, n.2, vol. 19, 1931.
King A. D. (2009) - Post-colonial cities - State University of New York Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, USA.
SITOGRAPHY
http://www.galicalabs.bnf.fr/
http://www.webdo.tn
http://www.aha-helico-air.asso.fr
http://www.1001tunisie.com
http://www.tunisia.com/bizerte-marina
http://www.observers.france24.com
Nadia Tarhouni, “Bizerte: Marina Cap 3000 ou les 3000 déboires d’un projet contesté (partie II)”, 29/04/2013, http://www.nawaat.org
Saloua Toumi, “Espaces publics et mixité culturelle, pour un renouvellement du tourisme tunisien”, 20/07/2011, http://www.projetdepaysage.fr.
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