The collage, on the cover, is derived from the analysis of the morphology of two cities: Turin and Amsterdam. The first is an example of how the texture of the streets was and is an essential element for the characteristic of the city and building typologies. The second, however, is the opposite example. The courtyard building, it loses the contact with the road and develops the functions and the activities internally; it shows a contact with the street, in some cases, only through the facade. But then: you can create a union between these two systems? A collage within the city of Rome and in particular the district of San Lorenzo, which guests the positive characteristics of both? To answer this questions, it is reasoned, out of the Block.

The text quoted above, Collage City of Colin Rowe, has been an inspiration and guide to developing this research. It tried to set a method of analysis for the project, that allows creating a solid, composed of the main texture (roads and spaces), which, subsequently, can accommodate, in the voids spaces the object (the building). In this way, the two elements are connected and dependent on each other. The road, as space turn out to be the first guidelines for the design. The design of this solid consists of elements that are defined generally empty: streets, squares, courts ecc. they have been applied from micro to macro scale. The started point was a neighborhood analysis to understand how the texture of the roads already, go to effect the type of the neighborhood. Then the spaces and their importance for the characteristics of the neighborhood. After the analysis, we have moved to the design solid and voids. It started with the design of the streets, the square and then the design of the buildings. In it to have gone to highlight two different types of solid voids: the first, it is the typology of the building, the courtyard building; the second affect the building. This void going inside the building to create a void of light and vertical communication between all floors. In this project the court acquires an important aspect; it becomes an urban room, the strong permeability of the ground floor emphasizes this characteristic. Instead, this solid empty building is represented by a growing size floor patio. The presence of light creates fullness and emptiness games that emphasize the concept. To date today is increasingly clear that the design of new buildings is more and more used for the design of mausoleums, which later will lead to the formation of the small acropolis, to quote again C.Rowe, and that will bring the building to a loss of dialogue with the context. The purpose of this project is not to define a law or a primary between the two elements but to try and stable of rules for a continuous dialogue between both.

3.The Block

3.1.Urban Block development

3.2.Study Cases

3.2.1.The Facade: The Hasumannien Block

3.2.2.The Courtyard: Amsterdam

4.Design Guide

4.1.The Space and the Urban rooms

4.2.Street Network and Grid

4.3.Street Dimension

4.3.1.Lenght

4.3.2.Width

4.3.3.The view

5.The design of Solid and Void

5.1.The District of San Lorenzo

5.2.The History of the District

5.3.The Districy and he Space

5.4.The Street Network and the Grid

5.5.The Street Analysis

5.6.The District Block

5.7.The Buildings Analysis

5.8.The Buildings Typology

6.Design Project

6.1.The Solid Space

6.2.The Solid Street

6.3.The Solid inside the Buildings

7.Coclusion

8.Bibliography

9.Aknowledgments

Colin Rowe, Collage City, 1981

Leon Krier, Urban Components

Camillo Sitte, L'Arte di costruire le città, 1981

Hendrik Petrus Berlage, Architettura, urbanistica, estetica; scritti scelti a cura di Herman van Bergeijk_1985

Marcello Pazzaglini, presentazione di Carlo Aymonino, San Lorenzo, 1881-1981 : storia urbana di un quartiere popolare a Roma, Officina Edizioni, 1989

Urban Design:Street and Square, Cliff Moughtin, 1992

Jim McCluskey Road Form and Townscape, Butterworth-Heinemann, 1992

Carlo Aymonlno, Il significato delle Città, 2000 Rob Krier, Lo spazio della città, 2000

Dino Coppo, Pia Davico, Il disegno dei portici a Torino : architettura e immagine urbana dei percorsi coperti da Vitozzi a Piacentini CELID, 2001

Philippe Panerai, URBAN FORMS, the death and the life of urban block, 2004

Neumeyer Fritz, Cos'è una facciata? Imparare da Alberti, Cortina Libreria Milano, 2015

Alessandro Dalla Cneva, Esperienza d'architettura. La lezione dei maestri. Hendrik Petrus Berlage, Louis I. Kahn, Aldo Rossi, CLEAN, 2016

WEB SITES

-Unknow Author, San Lorenzo le origini, 2006, www.vivisanlorenzo.it/originLsan_lorenzo.htm