Liang Wang
Design Validation of an Active Neural Detector.
Rel. Paolo Motto Ros, Danilo Demarchi, Paolo Stefano Crovetti. Politecnico di Torino, Corso di laurea magistrale in Ingegneria Elettronica (Electronic Engineering), 2026
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Abstract
This thesis replicates an ultra-low-power implantable neural front-end (TSMC 180 nm) for weak neural sensing, combining OTA amplification + VCO modulation + output buffering to support tissue transmission.Neural signals are at the tens-of-µV level but often include tens-of-mV DC offsets from electrodes; direct high-gain amplification risks saturation, while 1/f noise and strict power/area limits make low-frequency acquisition difficult.We reproduce a two-stage OTA that provides ~49 dB gain and band-pass behavior (TT about 5–150 Hz) with ~3 µV/√Hz @ 10 Hz input noise and ~329 nW OTA power, then use a current-starved VCO (TT sensitivity ~45 MHz/V at Vc=220 mV, phase noise ~−60 dBc/Hz @ 10 kHz) consuming ~609 nW.
System simulations with a layered tissue model show that a 30 µV, 30 Hz neural component superimposed on 30 mV DC offset is successfully converted into MHz frequency variations, with scalp-level output still measurable (~20 mV)
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