Francesco Pasquale De Ceglia
Power-Efficiency Optimizations for RISC-V Based UAV Controllers Implementation and Evaluation on the NEORV32 Core.
Rel. Maurizio Martina. Politecnico di Torino, Corso di laurea magistrale in Ingegneria Elettronica (Electronic Engineering), 2026
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Abstract
Abstract This thesis investigates hardware clock gating as a power-efficiency technique for FPGA- based RISC-V embedded controllers, using the open-source NEORV32 processor as the target architecture. The motivation is the reduction of unnecessary dynamic activity during non-computational intervals, which are common in interrupt-driven embedded systems and UAV-like control workloads. The proposed approach combines the standard RISC-V WFI instruction with a BUFGCE- based gated clock domain implemented on Xilinx Artix-7 FPGAs. At hardware level, the NEORV32 system was modified to introduce a dedicated CPU clock, clk_cpu, whose enable is controlled by the processor sleep state and by the required wake-up sources, including timer and interrupt signals.
At software level, the CoreMark benchmark was instrumented to alternate active computation chunks with timer-driven sleep intervals, enabling a controlled comparison between continuous execution, WFI-only behavior, a permanently enabled clock-path control case (CE = 1), and the fully clock-gated imple- mentation
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