Andrea Faccio
Design and FPGA implementation of an ASCON-based true random number generator for cryptography.
Rel. Maurizio Zamboni. Politecnico di Torino, Corso di laurea magistrale in Ingegneria Elettronica (Electronic Engineering), 2026
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Abstract
The confidentiality and security of information in a wide range of fields depend critically on the protection of sensitive data through cryptography. This requirement has become even more pressing after quantum computers were introduced, as their substantially increased computational strength compared to classical computers allows the breaking of numerous widely-used cryptographic protocols. A True Random Number Generator (TRNG) serves as a fundamental device for generating random number sequences essential for cryptographic encryption and entropy production. A high-quality random sequence determines the security strength of cryptographic systems, as insufficient randomness makes keys predictable and weakens encryption schemes. While pseudo-random number generators (PRNGs) rely on deterministic algorithms producing reproducible sequences from a given initial state, TRNGs harness the inherent randomness of physical phenomena such as thermal noise, power supply fluctuations, and metastability in electronic circuits to generate truly unpredictable random samples.
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has established the SP 800-22 test suite as the primary benchmark for evaluating entropy source quality
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