Mehraneh Nezamirad
Statistical Evaluation of Autonomous Electric Robotaxi Performance in Urban Environments Using Monte Carlo Simulation: Efficiency, Emissions, and Pedestrian Interaction Effects.
Rel. Luca Vassio. Politecnico di Torino, Master of science program in Ict For Smart Societies, 2026
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Abstract
The integration of autonomous vehicles into urban traffic systems raises important questions regarding their operational efficiency, environmental impact, and interaction with dynamic road users such as pedestrians. This study presents a comprehensive simulation-based evaluation of an autonomous robotaxi system, referred to as ADone, using the Simulation of Urban Mobility (SUMO) framework. A Monte Carlo approach with 200 randomized runs was employed to capture variability in traffic density, pedestrian activity, weather conditions, and system latency. A statistically robust simulation framework was established, with convergence analysis indicating stable and reproducible results across all runs. The analysis suggests that ADone exhibits an average travel time increase of approximately 49% relative to standard vehicles.
Multivariate regression further identifies localized pedestrian encounters—rather than continuous traffic flow—as the dominant factor contributing to these delays, highlighting the importance of micro-level interactions in urban autonomous mobility
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