Federico Orfino
Damage Detection Strategies in Wind Turbine Blades for Structural Health Monitoring.
Rel. Giovanni Bracco, Massimo Sirigu. Politecnico di Torino, Master of science program in Energy And Nuclear Engineering, 2026
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Abstract
Wind turbines are today one of the most widespread technologies for electricity production in Italy. Current maintenance practices rely on sensors installed in the nacelle and tower, while monitoring systems for composite blades are not yet widely adopted. As a result, blade damage typically becomes visible only at advanced stages, and there is no continuous, online assessment of the blade's structural health, which could otherwise reduce the number of costly unplanned interventions. In this context, new diagnostic systems for blade monitoring are emerging on the market, although still at a pre-commercial stage. The development of larger turbines (above 4 MW), together with the decreasing cost of hardware and the use of advanced machine learning techniques, is expected to make these systems increasingly competitive, improving their overall cost-benefit ratio.
These diagnostic systems are based on sensor networks, such as strain gauges and accelerometers, which detect changes in structural behaviour that reveal the presence of damage
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