Carolina Valle
Material selection and passive strategies for a low enviromental impact design in Monterreym Mexico.
Rel. Roberto Giordano, Irene Caltabiano. Politecnico di Torino, Corso di laurea magistrale in Architettura Per Il Progetto Sostenibile, 2014
Abstract
One major problematic of housing buildings, existing and new, in the Monterrey Metropolitan Ares (MMA) is the high energy consumption due to the lack of a climate responsive design. This unconsciousness from housing developers that build and offer low cost housing results in dwellings located far away from the metropolitan center due to the low cost of peripheral land as well as their a low standard construction due to poor insulation of the external core. These type of actions cause negative impacts or three aspects: the built environment, the physical environment and society. The thesis project, an ecological housing model, is the proposed solution to reduce the negative impacts of the current housing developments.
The physical and urban environment deteriorate with the increase of peripheral developments as the-y incentivize urban sprawl. Urban sprawl characterizes the growth of the MMA as it has expanded away from its central urban area resulting in low density communities reliant on automobile use, lack of pedestrian-friendly neighborhoods and deficient public transportation, thus having a negative impact on the built environment. Consequently the physical environment is affected negatively in two ways, the first being high C02 emissions from car dependency and from the production of construction materials, and the second in the loss of rural areas as these are changed to urban land. The impacts of these two aspects fall at a social level, the first aspect is walkability as it is disregarded since urban growth focuses on automotive mobility rather than focusing on the pedestrian. The other aspect regards the low standard of the dwelling’s external core, which as it has been stated is deficient due to usage of low quality materials, impacting negatively on the user’s internal thermal comfort and high energy consumption.
Through the implementation of sustainable strategies, a low environmental impact housing model is achievable. The proposed project sets an example, both in design and construction method, of a climate responsive project in the local context.
Relatori
Tipo di pubblicazione
Soggetti
A Architettura > AO Progettazione
Corso di laurea
Capitoli
INDICE
1. INTRODUCTION
2. GOAL, SCOPE APPROACH
3. METHODOLOGY
4. TERRITORIAL FRAMEWORK
- MONTERREY METROPOLITAN AREA
- DEMO GRAPHICAL ASPECTS
Population growth
Population composition
Socioeconomic conditions
Synthesis
- THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT
Topography
Climative
Precipitation and relative humidity
Wind
Solar radiation
Synthesis
- THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT
Urban structure
Land use
Equipment
Road system and mobility
Housing
Construction and demolition waste management
Synthesis
- CEMENT AND CONCRETE INDUSTRY
“Local” and and 'km 0’ concept
Local materials
Local enterprises
Sustainable industry
Normativity for green building
Synthesis
5. PROJECT PROPOSAL POTENTIAL SCENARIOS
- REDUCE-REUSE-REPROGRAM
Local-Reclaim
- URBAN DESIGN
Urban concept
Connectivity network
Landuse structure
Lot of intervention
- PLANS
1.0 ANALYSIS OF NETWORK CONNECTIVITY
1.l. PROPOSAL OF NETWORK CONNECTIVITY
- BUILDING CONCEPT
Microclimate analysis
Monterrey weather conditions
Daylight
Wind
- BUILDING DESIGN
Design intent
Plans
1.2. Site plan
1.3. Ground floor plan
1.4. First floor plan
1.5. Sections and elevations
- TECHNOLOGIES AND MATERIALS
Passive cooling
Natural cross ventilation
Thermal mass cooling
Implementation
Green roofs
Implementation
Passive heating
Implementation
Construction system
Materials
Structure and envelope
Insulation materials
Façade detail
6. CONCLUSION
ANNEX A_ Material database
Bibliografia
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS
- Aksamija, Ajla. Sustainable Facades Design Methods for High-Performance Building Envelopes. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013
- Bomee, Jung. Sustainable Construction in Mexican Housing Markets. Thesis. MIT, September 2007
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- Faresin, Anna. Architettura in calcestruzzo: soluzioni innovative e sostenibilità. Milan, Italy: UTET, 2012
- Gaspari, Trabucco and Zannoni. Involucro edilizio e aspetti di sostenitibilita. Milan, Italy: Franco Angeli S.R.L., 2010
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- Guajardo, Alicia. Análisis Estratégico del Área Metropolitana de Monterrey: Un Diagnòstico para el Desarrollo. México: Centro de Estudios Estratégicos, Centro de Desarrollo Estratégico Metropolitano, 2002
- King, Jimmie L. La Arquitectura Vemacula del Norest de Mexico. University of Monterrey
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- Schwalbach, Gerrits. Urban Analysis. Basel: Birkhauser, 2009
- Steuteville and Langdon. New Urbanism Best Practices Guide. New Urban News Publications, fourth edition
THESIS
- Mostafa, Amira. Low energy cooling in multi-story buildings for hot, arid climates. Thesis. MIT, June 1989
- Ramírez, José Manuel. Guia para el manejo de residuos solidos generados en la industria de la construcción
- Thesis. Universidad de las Américas Puebla, 2007
- Tamez, Antonio. Arquitectura del Centro de Monterrey 1950-2000: su evolución en la relación a nuevas centralidades urbanas. Thesis. Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, 2008
WEBSYTIS
- Saelens, Brian and Handy, Susan. "Built Environment Correlates of Walking: A Review”. NIH-PA author manuscript. July 2008. 16 July 2014. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2921187/#R32
- "Planos del Estado de Nuevo León". Colección Digital UANL. 9 november 2013. http://cdigital.dgb.uanl.mx/la/1080048648/1080048648.html
- Implanc Monterrey Plan de desarrollo urbano del municipio de Monterrey 2013-2025.
INEGI. Estadísticas a propòsito de la industria del cemento: 2013.
- Gobierno Municipal de Monterrey. Plan de Desarrollo Urbano del Municipio de Monterrey 2010-2020. Gaceta Municipal.
- http://www.unep.org/geo/geo3/english/045.htm
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