Vanessa Uleri
Natural vs. Synthetic Sex Hormones: A Comparative In Silico Analysis of Receptor Conformational Dynamics and Signaling Implications.
Rel. Marco Agostino Deriu, Eric Adriano Zizzi. Politecnico di Torino, Corso di laurea magistrale in Ingegneria Biomedica, 2026
Abstract
Hormonal oral contraceptives (OCs) represent a widely adopted strategy for reversible contraception. While their molecular and pharmacological mechanisms are well-understood, their broader effects on the body, including impacts on brain function and mood, are a topic of rising interest. Synthetic hormones used in OCs are derived from their natural counterparts, but include structural modifications designed to improve pharmacological properties, raising the possibility that they may engage their receptors differently and contribute to the heterogeneous effects reported in clinical and observational studies. The present work investigates, at the molecular level, whether structural differences between endogenous and synthetic sex hormones translate into distinct ligand-receptor interaction patterns, potentially altering downstream signaling cascades or eliciting secondary off-target effects.
A comparative in silico approach was employed to analyze estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), estrogen receptor beta (ERβ), and the progesterone receptor (PR) in complex with their respective natural ligands and the synthetic hormones most used in OCs
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