Sarcopenia is a progressive and multifactorial disease characterized by loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength and physical performance, with a prevalence ranging from 5–13% in individuals aged 60–70 years and up to 50% in those over 80. Its impact is particularly relevant in patients with prolonged hospital admissions, where immobility, malnutrition and comorbidities accelerate neuromuscular deterioration. Early detection and monitoring are therefore essential to guide preventive and therapeutic interventions. According to the 2019 European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) consensus, diagnosis is based on low muscle strength as the primary parameter, confirmed by reduced muscle quantity or quality and further characterized by impaired physical performance.