Access to safe drinking water remains a major global challenge, affecting a significant portion of the world's population, particularly in low- and middle-income regions. The presence of microbiological contaminants in water supplies poses a serious threat to public health, contributing to the spread of waterborne diseases and increased mortality rates. Ensuring water quality through regular monitoring is therefore essential. However, standard microbiological assessment methods predominantly rely on laboratory techniques such as culture and molecular analysis. Although highly accurate, these approaches are often time-consuming, expensive, and dependent on specialized infrastructure, equipment, and personnel, making them unsuitable for rapid decision-making and routine implementation in resource-limited settings.