Alice Guidoni
GNSS-Resilient Operation in Non-Terrestrial Networks: DOA-Based Coarse Positioning for Timing and Frequency Error mitigation.
Rel. Roberto Garello, Daniele Vito Finocchiaro. Politecnico di Torino, Corso di laurea magistrale in Communications Engineering, 2026
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Abstract
The evolution of mobile communications within 3GPP is now entering a pivotal phase with Release 20 (Rel-20), which strengthens 5G Advanced while preparing the foundation for 6G. Within this framework, resilience has become a key priority, particularly for Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN). The recently approved 3GPP Study Item “Study on GNSS Resilient NR-NTN Operation” addresses a critical dependency of current NTN systems on GNSS for uplink timing and frequency pre-compensation. In scenarios where GNSS is unavailable, degraded, or compromised, large timing and Doppler uncertainties may arise, directly impacting initial access and connected-mode performance. Following this 3GPP case study over the past months, this work evaluates uplink timing and frequency errors under GNSS-unavailable conditions across multiple uncertainty models and satellite geometries.
The analysis quantifies differential round-trip delay and Doppler spreads as functions of satellite elevation, uncertainty region size, and orientation relative to satellite motion
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