Over the last decades, scientific and social attention has increasingly focused on addressing the eco-social threat posed by climate change. Numerous studies have highlighted the urgent need for human society to reduce its impact on the planet’s ecosystem, particularly in relation to carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions. Within this context, the building sector plays a crucial role, as buildings in Europe account for approximately 40% of total energy consumption and 36% of greenhouse gas emissions. In response to this challenge, European and national policies have promoted energy efficiency through several regulatory instruments, among which the European Union’s Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) represents a key reference.